The majority of Jews living in Kazakhstan are Ashkenazim. Most arrived in the region during and after World War II. The Jewish community is comprised primarily of Russian-speaking Jews who identify strongly with Russian culture. Smaller numbers of Bukharan and Mountain Jews can be found, particularly in the capital city of Astana.

Kazakhstan was the last former Soviet republic to declare its independence. Despite greater freedom, life in Kazakhstan has grown more difficult. Since 1989, living standards have deteriorated drastically due to slow market reforms, widespread corruption and an alarming rise in illegal narcotics. The health care system is in shambles because of lack of funds. The rural population, the poorest, has been particularly hard-hit. Change in current living conditions remains doubtful. Between 1989 and 2001, 17,764 Jews emigrated to Israel.

JDC has established a strong presence in Kazakhstan – both among the elderly members of the community whose families made aliyah and among younger Jews who are seeking to reconnect to their Jewish heritage. The challenges are many, but JDC is committed helping Kazakhstan’s struggling Jewish community.

2005